Various Functions in C

Overview

C programming language offers a variety of functions that cater to different aspects of programming, ranging from mathematical calculations to character manipulation. This section provides an overview of various functions available in C.

1. Mathematical Functions

a. sqrt (Square Root):

• Calculates the square root of a number.

  #include <math.h>
  double sqrt(double x);

b. pow (Power):

• Raises a number to the power of another.

  #include <math.h>
  double pow(double x, double y);

c. fabs (Absolute Value for Floats):

• Returns the absolute value of a floating-point number.

  #include <math.h>
  double fabs(double x);

d. ceil (Ceiling Function):

• Rounds a floating-point number to the smallest integer greater than or equal to it.

  #include <math.h>
  double ceil(double x);

e. floor (Floor Function):

• Rounds a floating-point number to the largest integer less than or equal to it.

  #include <math.h>
  double floor(double x);

2. String Functions

a. strlen (String Length):

• Returns the length of a string.

  #include <string.h>
  size_t strlen(const char *str);

b. strcpy (String Copy):

• Copies the contents of one string to another.

  #include <string.h>
  char *strcpy(char *dest, const char *src);

c. strcmp (String Compare):

• Compares two strings.

  #include <string.h>
  int strcmp(const char *str1, const char *str2);

d. strcat (String Concatenate):

• Concatenates two strings.

  #include <string.h>
  char *strcat(char *dest, const char *src);

3. Character Functions

a. isalpha (Is Alphabetical):

• Checks if a character is an alphabet.

  #include <ctype.h>
  int isalpha(int c);

b. isdigit (Is Digit):

• Checks if a character is a digit.

  #include <ctype.h>
  int isdigit(int c);

c. toupper (Convert to Uppercase):

• Converts a character to uppercase.

  #include <ctype.h>
  int toupper(int c);

d. tolower (Convert to Lowercase):

• Converts a character to lowercase.

  #include <ctype.h>
  int tolower(int c);

4. Input/Output Functions

a. printf (Print Formatted):

• Prints formatted output to the console.

  #include <stdio.h>
  int printf(const char *format, ...);

b. scanf (Scan Formatted):

• Reads formatted input from the console.

  #include <stdio.h>
  int scanf(const char *format, ...);

These are just a few examples of the many functions available in C. Understanding and utilizing these functions is essential for effective C programming.

If you have specific questions or if there are additional topics you'd like to explore, feel free to ask!